RADIUS Authentication

Authenticate users against a RADIUS server, either as the primary login or as a second factor with one-time codes from RSA SecurID or another RADIUS-backed token system.

RADIUS support is enabled by only including the following dependency in the overlay:

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<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apereo.cas</groupId>
    <artifactId>cas-server-support-radius</artifactId>
    <version>${cas.version}</version>
</dependency>
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implementation "org.apereo.cas:cas-server-support-radius:${project.'cas.version'}"
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dependencyManagement {
    imports {
        mavenBom "org.apereo.cas:cas-server-support-bom:${project.'cas.version'}"
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation "org.apereo.cas:cas-server-support-radius"
}
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dependencies {
    /*
        The following platform references are included automatically and are listed for reference only.

        implementation enforcedPlatform("org.apereo.cas:cas-server-support-bom:${project.'cas.version'}")
        implementation platform(org.springframework.boot.gradle.plugin.SpringBootPlugin.BOM_COORDINATES)
        
    */
    implementation "org.apereo.cas:cas-server-support-radius"
}

Configuration

The following settings and properties are available from the CAS configuration catalog:

cas.authn.radius.client.inet-addressServer address to connect and establish a session.
localhost
Required

Server address to connect and establish a session.

Type
String
Default
localhost
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.radius.client.shared-secretSecret/password to use for the initial bind.
N0Sh@ar3d$ecReT
Required

Secret/password to use for the initial bind.

Type
String
Default
N0Sh@ar3d$ecReT
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.radius.password-encoder.encoding-algorithmThe encoding algorithm to use such as MD5 .
no default
Required

The encoding algorithm to use such as MD5. Relevant when the type used is DEFAULT or GLIBC_CRYPT. When used with PasswordEncoderTypes#PBKDF2, it should be one of PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1, PBKDF2WithHmacSHA256 or PBKDF2WithHmacSHA512.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
PasswordEncoderProperties
cas.authn.radius.password-encoder.typeDefine the password encoder type to use.
NONE
Required

Define the password encoder type to use. Type may be specified as blank or NONE to disable password encoding. It may also refer to a fully-qualified class name that implements the Spring Security's PasswordEncoder interface if you wish you define your own encoder.

The following types may be used:
  • NONE: No password encoding (i.e. plain-text) takes place.
  • DEFAULT: Use the DefaultPasswordEncoder of CAS. For message-digest algorithms via character-encoding and encoding-algorithm.
  • BCRYPT: Use the BCryptPasswordEncoder based on the strength provided and an optional secret.
  • SCRYPT: Use the SCryptPasswordEncoder.
  • PBKDF2: Use the Pbkdf2PasswordEncoder based on the strength provided and an optional secret.
  • STANDARD: Use the StandardPasswordEncoder based on the secret provided.
  • SSHA: Use the LdapShaPasswordEncoder supports Ldap SHA and SSHA (salted-SHA). The values are base-64 encoded and have the label {SHA} or {SSHA} prepended to the encoded hash.
  • GLIBC_CRYPT: Use the GlibcCryptPasswordEncoder based on the encoding-algorithm, strength provided and an optional secret.
  • org.example.MyEncoder: An implementation of PasswordEncoder of your own choosing.
  • file:///path/to/script.groovy: Path to a Groovy script charged with handling password encoding operations.
Type
String
Default
NONE
Defined by
PasswordEncoderProperties
cas.authn.radius.principal-transformation.groovy.locationThe location of the resource.
no default
Required

The location of the resource. Resources can be URLs, or files found either on the classpath or outside somewhere in the file system.

In the event the configured resource is a Groovy script, especially if the script is set to reload on changes, you may need to adjust the total number of inotify instances. On Linux, you may need to add the following line to /etc/sysctl.conf: fs.inotify.max_user_instances = 256.

You can check the current value via cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_instances.

In situations and scenarios where CAS is able to automatically watch the underlying resource for changes and detect updates and modifications dynamically, you may be able to specify the following setting as either an environment variable or system property with a value of false to disable the resource watcher: org.apereo.cas.util.io.PathWatcherService.

Type
Resource
Default
none
Defined by
GroovyPrincipalTransformationProperties
cas.authn.radius.client.accounting-portThe accounting port.
1813

The accounting port.

Type
Integer
Default
1813
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.radius.client.authentication-portThe authentication port.
1812

The authentication port.

Type
Integer
Default
1812
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.radius.client.socket-timeoutSocket connection timeout in milliseconds.
0

Socket connection timeout in milliseconds.

Type
Integer
Default
0
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.radius.client.transport-typeTransport type to use by this client to connect to the server.
UDP
Transport type to use by this client to connect to the server. Available values are as follows:
  • UDP: Default. UDP client transport type.
  • RADSEC: RadSec is a protocol which allows RADIUS servers to transfer data over TCP and TLS for increased security.
Type
RadiusClientProperties.RadiusClientTransportTypes
Default
UDP
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.radius.failover-on-authentication-failureWhether authentication errors should be skipped and fail over to the next server.
false

Whether authentication errors should be skipped and fail over to the next server.

Type
Boolean
Default
false
Defined by
RadiusProperties
cas.authn.radius.failover-on-exceptionWhether catastrophic errors should be skipped and fail over to the next server.
false

Whether catastrophic errors should be skipped and fail over to the next server.

Type
Boolean
Default
false
Defined by
RadiusProperties
cas.authn.radius.nameThe name of the authentication handler.
no default

The name of the authentication handler.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RadiusProperties
cas.authn.radius.password-encoder.character-encodingThe encoding algorithm to use such as 'UTF-8'.
UTF-8

The encoding algorithm to use such as 'UTF-8'. Relevant when the type used is DEFAULT.

Type
String
Default
UTF-8
Defined by
PasswordEncoderProperties
cas.authn.radius.password-encoder.hash-lengthWhen used by PasswordEncoderTypes#ARGON2 , it indicates the hash strength/length.
16

When used by PasswordEncoderTypes#ARGON2, it indicates the hash strength/length.

Type
Integer
Default
16
Defined by
PasswordEncoderProperties
cas.authn.radius.password-encoder.iterationsWhen used by PasswordEncoderTypes#PBKDF2 , it indicates the required number of iterations.
310000

When used by PasswordEncoderTypes#PBKDF2, it indicates the required number of iterations.

Type
Integer
Default
310000
Defined by
PasswordEncoderProperties
cas.authn.radius.password-encoder.secretSecret to use with PasswordEncoderTypes#STANDARD , PasswordEncoderTypes#PBKDF2 , PasswordEncoderTypes#BCRYPT , PasswordEncoderTypes#GLIBC_CRYPT password encoders.
no default

Secret to use with PasswordEncoderTypes#STANDARD, PasswordEncoderTypes#PBKDF2, PasswordEncoderTypes#BCRYPT, PasswordEncoderTypes#GLIBC_CRYPT password encoders. Secret usually is an optional setting.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
PasswordEncoderProperties
cas.authn.radius.password-encoder.strengthStrength or number of iterations to use for password hashing.
16

Strength or number of iterations to use for password hashing. Usually relevant when dealing with PasswordEncoderTypes#BCRYPT, PasswordEncoderTypes#PBKDF2 or PasswordEncoderTypes#GLIBC_CRYPT. When used by PasswordEncoderTypes#ARGON2 or PasswordEncoderTypes#PBKDF2, it indicates the salt strength.

Type
Integer
Default
16
Defined by
PasswordEncoderProperties
cas.authn.radius.principal-transformation.blocking-patternA regular expression that will be used against the username to match for blocking/forbidden values.
no default
SpEL

A regular expression that will be used against the username to match for blocking/forbidden values. If a match is found, an exception will be thrown and principal transformation will fail.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
PrincipalTransformationProperties
Supports
Spring Expression Language
cas.authn.radius.principal-transformation.case-conversionIndicate whether the principal identifier should be transformed into upper-case, lower-case, etc.
NONE
Indicate whether the principal identifier should be transformed into upper-case, lower-case, etc. Available values are as follows:
  • NONE: No conversion.
  • LOWERCASE: Lowercase conversion.
  • UPPERCASE: Uppercase conversion.
Type
PrincipalTransformationProperties.CaseConversion
Default
NONE
Defined by
PrincipalTransformationProperties
cas.authn.radius.principal-transformation.patternA regular expression that will be used against the provided username for username extractions.
no default
SpEL

A regular expression that will be used against the provided username for username extractions. On a successful match, the first matched group in the pattern will be used as the extracted username.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
PrincipalTransformationProperties
Supports
Spring Expression Language
cas.authn.radius.principal-transformation.prefixPrefix to add to the principal id prior to authentication.
no default
SpEL

Prefix to add to the principal id prior to authentication.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
PrincipalTransformationProperties
Supports
Spring Expression Language
cas.authn.radius.principal-transformation.suffixSuffix to add to the principal id prior to authentication.
no default
SpEL

Suffix to add to the principal id prior to authentication.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
PrincipalTransformationProperties
Supports
Spring Expression Language
cas.authn.radius.server.nas-identifierThe NAS identifier.
no default

The NAS identifier.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.radius.server.nas-ip-addressThe NAS IP address.
no default

The NAS IP address.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.radius.server.nas-ipv6-addressThe NAS IPv6 address.
no default

The NAS IPv6 address.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.radius.server.nas-portThe NAS port.
-1

The NAS port.

Type
Long
Default
-1
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.radius.server.nas-port-idThe NAS port id.
-1

The NAS port id.

Type
Long
Default
-1
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.radius.server.nas-port-typeThe NAS port type.
-1

The NAS port type.

Type
Integer
Default
-1
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.radius.server.nas-real-portThe NAS real port.
-1

The NAS real port.

Type
Long
Default
-1
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.radius.server.protocolRadius protocol to use when communicating with the server.
EAP_MSCHAPv2

Radius protocol to use when communicating with the server.

Type
String
Default
EAP_MSCHAPv2
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.radius.server.retriesNumber of re-try attempts when dealing with connection and authentication failures.
3

Number of re-try attempts when dealing with connection and authentication failures.

Type
Integer
Default
3
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.radius.stateDefine the scope and state of this authentication handler and the lifecycle in which it can be invoked or activated.
active
Define the scope and state of this authentication handler and the lifecycle in which it can be invoked or activated. Available values are as follows:
  • ACTIVE: Active authentication handler, and is invoked by default automatically to verify credentials globally.
  • STANDBY: Authentication handler is in a semi-enabled state, waiting to be called only on-demand when explicitly asked for.
Type
AuthenticationHandlerStates
Default
active
Defined by
RadiusProperties

Required settings may be needed to activate or affect the feature; review them even when they have a default. Optional settings only need to be set to change a default or to turn on the behavior they control. Third party settings belong to libraries such as Spring Boot that CAS builds on; their own documentation may have more detail.

Groovy scripting

CAS takes advantage of Apache Groovy in forms of either embedded or external scripts that allow one to, by default, dynamically build constructs, attributes, access strategies and a lot more. To activate the functionality described here, you may need to prepare CAS to support and integrate with Apache Groovy.

Please review this guide to configure your build.

Password encoding

If you need to design your own password encoding scheme where the type is specified as a fully qualified Java class name, the structure of the class would be similar to the following:

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package org.example.cas;

import org.springframework.security.crypto.codec.*;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.*;

public class MyEncoder extends AbstractPasswordEncoder {
    @Override
    protected byte[] encode(CharSequence rawPassword, byte[] salt) {
        return ...
    }
}

If you need to design your own password encoding scheme where the type is specified as a path to a Groovy script, the structure of the script would be similar to the following:

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import java.util.*

byte[] run(final Object... args) {
    def (rawPassword,generatedSalt,logger,applicationContext) = args
    logger.debug("Encoding password...")
    return ...
}

Boolean matches(final Object... args) {
    def (rawPassword,encodedPassword,logger,applicationContext) = args
    logger.debug("Does match or not ?");
    return ...

To prepare CAS to support and integrate with Apache Groovy, please review this guide.

Principal transformation

Authentication handlers that generally deal with username-password credentials can be configured to transform the user id prior to executing the authentication sequence. Each authentication strategy in CAS provides settings to properly transform the principal. Refer to the relevant settings for the authentication strategy at hand to learn more.

Authentication handlers as part of principal transformation may also be provided a path to a Groovy script to transform the provided username. The outline of the script may take on the following form:

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String run(final Object... args) {
    def (providedUsername,logger) = args
    return providedUsername.concat("SomethingElse")
}

To prepare CAS to support and integrate with Apache Groovy, please review this guide.

Notes on configuration

Configuration Metadata

The collection of configuration properties listed in this section are automatically generated from the CAS source and components that contain the actual field definitions, types, descriptions, modules, etc. This metadata may not always be 100% accurate, or could be lacking details and sufficient explanations.

Be Selective

This section is meant as a guide only. Do NOT copy/paste the entire collection of settings into your CAS configuration; rather pick only the properties that you need. Do NOT enable settings unless you are certain of their purpose and do NOT copy settings into your configuration only to keep them as reference. All these ideas lead to upgrade headaches, maintenance nightmares and premature aging.

YAGNI

Note that for nearly ALL use cases, declaring and configuring properties listed here is sufficient. You should NOT have to explicitly massage a CAS XML/Java/etc configuration file to design an authentication handler, create attribute release policies, etc. CAS at runtime will auto-configure all required changes for you. If you are unsure about the meaning of a given CAS setting, do NOT turn it on without hesitation. Review the codebase or better yet, ask questions to clarify the intended behavior.

Naming Convention

Property names can be specified in very relaxed terms. For instance cas.someProperty, cas.some-property, cas.some_property are all valid names. While all forms are accepted by CAS, there are certain components (in CAS and other frameworks used) whose activation at runtime is conditional on a property value, where this property is required to have been specified in CAS configuration using kebab case. This is both true for properties that are owned by CAS as well as those that might be presented to the system via an external library or framework such as Spring Boot, etc.

:information_source: Note

When possible, properties should be stored in lower-case kebab format, such as cas.property-name=value. The only possible exception to this rule is when naming actuator endpoints; The name of the actuator endpoints (i.e. ssoSessions) MUST remain in camelCase mode.

Settings and properties that are controlled by the CAS platform directly always begin with the prefix cas. All other settings are controlled and provided to CAS via other underlying frameworks and may have their own schemas and syntax. BE CAREFUL with the distinction. Unrecognized properties are rejected by CAS and/or frameworks upon which CAS depends. This means if you somehow misspell a property definition or fail to adhere to the dot-notation syntax and such, your setting is entirely refused by CAS and likely the feature it controls will never be activated in the way you intend.

Validation

Configuration properties are automatically validated on CAS startup to report issues with configuration binding, especially if defined CAS settings cannot be recognized or validated by the configuration schema. Additional validation processes are also handled via Configuration Metadata and property migrations applied automatically on startup by Spring Boot and family.

Indexed Settings

CAS settings able to accept multiple values are typically documented with an index, such as cas.some.setting[0]=value. The index [0] is meant to be incremented by the adopter to allow for distinct multiple configuration blocks.

RSA RADIUS MFA

RSA RADIUS OTP support for MFA is enabled by only including the following dependency in the overlay:

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<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apereo.cas</groupId>
    <artifactId>cas-server-support-radius-mfa</artifactId>
    <version>${cas.version}</version>
</dependency>
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implementation "org.apereo.cas:cas-server-support-radius-mfa:${project.'cas.version'}"
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dependencyManagement {
    imports {
        mavenBom "org.apereo.cas:cas-server-support-bom:${project.'cas.version'}"
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation "org.apereo.cas:cas-server-support-radius-mfa"
}
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dependencies {
    /*
        The following platform references are included automatically and are listed for reference only.

        implementation enforcedPlatform("org.apereo.cas:cas-server-support-bom:${project.'cas.version'}")
        implementation platform(org.springframework.boot.gradle.plugin.SpringBootPlugin.BOM_COORDINATES)
        
    */
    implementation "org.apereo.cas:cas-server-support-radius-mfa"
}

The following settings and properties are available from the CAS configuration catalog:

cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.groovy.locationThe location of the resource.
no default
Required

The location of the resource. Resources can be URLs, or files found either on the classpath or outside somewhere in the file system.

In the event the configured resource is a Groovy script, especially if the script is set to reload on changes, you may need to adjust the total number of inotify instances. On Linux, you may need to add the following line to /etc/sysctl.conf: fs.inotify.max_user_instances = 256.

You can check the current value via cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_instances.

In situations and scenarios where CAS is able to automatically watch the underlying resource for changes and detect updates and modifications dynamically, you may be able to specify the following setting as either an environment variable or system property with a value of false to disable the resource watcher: org.apereo.cas.util.io.PathWatcherService.

Type
Resource
Default
none
Defined by
GroovyMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.urlThe endpoint URL to contact and retrieve attributes.
no default
RequiredSpEL

The endpoint URL to contact and retrieve attributes.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
Supports
Spring Expression Language
cas.authn.mfa.radius.client.inet-addressServer address to connect and establish a session.
localhost
Required

Server address to connect and establish a session.

Type
String
Default
localhost
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.client.shared-secretSecret/password to use for the initial bind.
N0Sh@ar3d$ecReT
Required

Secret/password to use for the initial bind.

Type
String
Default
N0Sh@ar3d$ecReT
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.allowed-authentication-attemptsTotal number of allowed authentication attempts with the radius mfa server before the authentication event is considered cancelled.
-1

Total number of allowed authentication attempts with the radius mfa server before the authentication event is considered cancelled. A negative/zero value indicates that no limit is enforced.

Type
Long
Default
-1
Defined by
RadiusMultifactorAuthenticationProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.authentication-attribute-nameSkip multifactor authentication based on designated authentication attribute names.
no default

Skip multifactor authentication based on designated authentication attribute names.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.authentication-attribute-valueOptionally, skip multifactor authentication based on designated authentication attribute values.
no default
Regex

Optionally, skip multifactor authentication based on designated authentication attribute values. Multiple values may be separated by a comma.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.authentication-handler-nameSkip multifactor authentication depending on form of primary authentication execution.
no default
Regex

Skip multifactor authentication depending on form of primary authentication execution. Specifically, skip multifactor if the a particular authentication handler noted by its name successfully is able to authenticate credentials in the primary factor. Multiple values may be separated by a comma.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.authentication-method-nameSkip multifactor authentication depending on method/form of primary authentication execution.
no default
Regex

Skip multifactor authentication depending on method/form of primary authentication execution. Specifically, skip multifactor if the authentication method attribute collected as part of authentication metadata matches a certain value. Multiple values may be separated by a comma.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.credential-class-typeSkip multifactor authentication depending on form of primary credentials.
no default

Skip multifactor authentication depending on form of primary credentials. Value must equal the fully qualified class name of the credential type.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.http-request-headersSkip multifactor authentication if the http request contains the defined header names.
no default
Regex

Skip multifactor authentication if the http request contains the defined header names. Header names may be comma-separated and can be regular expressions; values are ignored.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.http-request-remote-addressSkip multifactor authentication if the http request's remote address or host matches the value defined here.
no default
Regex

Skip multifactor authentication if the http request's remote address or host matches the value defined here. The value may be specified as a regular expression.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.principal-attribute-nameSkip multifactor authentication based on designated principal attribute names.
no default

Skip multifactor authentication based on designated principal attribute names.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.principal-attribute-valueOptionally, skip multifactor authentication based on designated principal attribute values.
no default
Regex

Optionally, skip multifactor authentication based on designated principal attribute values.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.basic-auth-passwordIf REST endpoint is protected via basic authentication, specify the password for authentication.
no default

If REST endpoint is protected via basic authentication, specify the password for authentication.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.basic-auth-usernameIf REST endpoint is protected via basic authentication, specify the username for authentication.
no default

If REST endpoint is protected via basic authentication, specify the username for authentication.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.headersHeaders, defined as a Map, to include in the request when making the REST call.
no default

Headers, defined as a Map, to include in the request when making the REST call. Will overwrite any header that CAS is pre-defined to send and include in the request. Key in the map should be the header name and the value in the map should be the header value.

Type
Map<String,String>
Default
none
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.maximum-retry-attemptsWhen attempting to reach the endpoint, this setting controls the number of retry attempts that CAS should execute Setting this value to a zero or negative value will disable the retry policy.
3

When attempting to reach the endpoint, this setting controls the number of retry attempts that CAS should execute Setting this value to a zero or negative value will disable the retry policy.

Type
Integer
Default
3
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.methodHTTP method to use when contacting the rest endpoint.
GET

HTTP method to use when contacting the rest endpoint. Examples include GET, POST, etc.

Type
String
Default
GET
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.client.accounting-portThe accounting port.
1813

The accounting port.

Type
Integer
Default
1813
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.client.authentication-portThe authentication port.
1812

The authentication port.

Type
Integer
Default
1812
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.client.socket-timeoutSocket connection timeout in milliseconds.
0

Socket connection timeout in milliseconds.

Type
Integer
Default
0
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.client.transport-typeTransport type to use by this client to connect to the server.
UDP
Transport type to use by this client to connect to the server. Available values are as follows:
  • UDP: Default. UDP client transport type.
  • RADSEC: RadSec is a protocol which allows RADIUS servers to transfer data over TCP and TLS for increased security.
Type
RadiusClientProperties.RadiusClientTransportTypes
Default
UDP
Defined by
RadiusClientProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.failover-on-authentication-failureIn the event that radius authentication fails, fail over to the next server in the list.
false

In the event that radius authentication fails, fail over to the next server in the list.

Type
Boolean
Default
false
Defined by
RadiusMultifactorAuthenticationProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.failover-on-exceptionIn the event that radius authentication fails due to a catastrophic event, fail over to the next server in the list.
false

In the event that radius authentication fails due to a catastrophic event, fail over to the next server in the list.

Type
Boolean
Default
false
Defined by
RadiusMultifactorAuthenticationProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.failure-modeThe failure mode policy for this MFA provider.
CLOSED
The failure mode policy for this MFA provider. The authentication policy by default supports fail-closed mode, which means that if you attempt to exercise a particular provider available to CAS and the provider cannot be reached, authentication will be stopped and an error will be displayed. You can of course change this behavior so that authentication proceeds without exercising the provider functionality, if that provider cannot respond. Each defined multifactor authentication provider can set its own failure mode policy. Failure modes set at this location will override the global failure mode, but defer to any failure mode set by the registered service. Available values are as follows:
  • OPEN: Disallow MFA, proceed with authentication but don't communicate MFA to the RP.
  • CLOSED: Disallow MFA, block with authentication.
  • PHANTOM: Disallow MFA, proceed with authentication and communicate MFA to the RP.
  • NONE: Do not check for failure at all.
  • UNDEFINED: The default one indicating that no failure mode is set at all.
Type
BaseMultifactorAuthenticationProviderProperties.MultifactorAuthenticationProviderFailureModes
Default
CLOSED
Defined by
RadiusMultifactorAuthenticationProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.idThe identifier for the multifactor provider.
no default

The identifier for the multifactor provider. In most cases, this need not be configured explicitly, unless multiple instances of the same provider type are configured in CAS.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RadiusMultifactorAuthenticationProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.nameThe name of the authentication handler used to verify credentials in MFA.
no default

The name of the authentication handler used to verify credentials in MFA. Remember that if you have more than one authentication handler of the same type, the names must be defined uniquely for each authentication scheme. Failing to do so may force CAS to not register authentication handlers with a duplicate name.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RadiusMultifactorAuthenticationProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.orderThe order of the authentication handler in the chain.
no default

The order of the authentication handler in the chain.

Type
Integer
Default
none
Defined by
RadiusMultifactorAuthenticationProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.rankAt times, CAS needs to determine the correct provider when step-up authentication is required.
0
At times, CAS needs to determine the correct provider when step-up authentication is required. Consider for a moment that CAS already has established an SSO session with/without a provider and has reached a level of authentication. Another incoming request attempts to exercise that SSO session with a different and often competing authentication requirement that may differ from the authentication level CAS has already established. Concretely, examples may be:
  • CAS has achieved an SSO session, but a separate request now requires step-up authentication with DuoSecurity.
  • CAS has achieved an SSO session with an authentication level satisfied by DuoSecurity, but a separate request now requires step-up authentication with YubiKey.
In certain scenarios, CAS will attempt to rank authentication levels and compare them with each other. If CAS already has achieved a level that is higher than what the incoming request requires, no step-up authentication will be performed. If the opposite is true, CAS will route the authentication flow to the required authentication level and upon success, will adjust the SSO session with the new higher authentication level now satisfied. Ranking of authentication methods is done per provider via specific properties for each. Note that the higher the rank value is, the higher on the security scale it remains. A provider that ranks higher with a larger weight value trumps and override others with a lower value.
Type
Integer
Default
0
Defined by
RadiusMultifactorAuthenticationProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.server.nas-identifierThe NAS identifier.
no default

The NAS identifier.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.server.nas-ip-addressThe NAS IP address.
no default

The NAS IP address.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.server.nas-ipv6-addressThe NAS IPv6 address.
no default

The NAS IPv6 address.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.server.nas-portThe NAS port.
-1

The NAS port.

Type
Long
Default
-1
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.server.nas-port-idThe NAS port id.
-1

The NAS port id.

Type
Long
Default
-1
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.server.nas-port-typeThe NAS port type.
-1

The NAS port type.

Type
Integer
Default
-1
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.server.nas-real-portThe NAS real port.
-1

The NAS real port.

Type
Long
Default
-1
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.server.protocolRadius protocol to use when communicating with the server.
EAP_MSCHAPv2

Radius protocol to use when communicating with the server.

Type
String
Default
EAP_MSCHAPv2
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.server.retriesNumber of re-try attempts when dealing with connection and authentication failures.
3

Number of re-try attempts when dealing with connection and authentication failures.

Type
Integer
Default
3
Defined by
RadiusServerProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.trusted-device-enabledIndicates whether this provider should support trusted devices.
false

Indicates whether this provider should support trusted devices.

Type
Boolean
Default
false
Defined by
RadiusMultifactorAuthenticationProperties

Required settings may be needed to activate or affect the feature; review them even when they have a default. Optional settings only need to be set to change a default or to turn on the behavior they control. Third party settings belong to libraries such as Spring Boot that CAS builds on; their own documentation may have more detail.

Groovy scripting

CAS takes advantage of Apache Groovy in forms of either embedded or external scripts that allow one to, by default, dynamically build constructs, attributes, access strategies and a lot more. To activate the functionality described here, you may need to prepare CAS to support and integrate with Apache Groovy.

Please review this guide to configure your build.

Notes on configuration

Configuration Metadata

The collection of configuration properties listed in this section are automatically generated from the CAS source and components that contain the actual field definitions, types, descriptions, modules, etc. This metadata may not always be 100% accurate, or could be lacking details and sufficient explanations.

Be Selective

This section is meant as a guide only. Do NOT copy/paste the entire collection of settings into your CAS configuration; rather pick only the properties that you need. Do NOT enable settings unless you are certain of their purpose and do NOT copy settings into your configuration only to keep them as reference. All these ideas lead to upgrade headaches, maintenance nightmares and premature aging.

YAGNI

Note that for nearly ALL use cases, declaring and configuring properties listed here is sufficient. You should NOT have to explicitly massage a CAS XML/Java/etc configuration file to design an authentication handler, create attribute release policies, etc. CAS at runtime will auto-configure all required changes for you. If you are unsure about the meaning of a given CAS setting, do NOT turn it on without hesitation. Review the codebase or better yet, ask questions to clarify the intended behavior.

Naming Convention

Property names can be specified in very relaxed terms. For instance cas.someProperty, cas.some-property, cas.some_property are all valid names. While all forms are accepted by CAS, there are certain components (in CAS and other frameworks used) whose activation at runtime is conditional on a property value, where this property is required to have been specified in CAS configuration using kebab case. This is both true for properties that are owned by CAS as well as those that might be presented to the system via an external library or framework such as Spring Boot, etc.

:information_source: Note

When possible, properties should be stored in lower-case kebab format, such as cas.property-name=value. The only possible exception to this rule is when naming actuator endpoints; The name of the actuator endpoints (i.e. ssoSessions) MUST remain in camelCase mode.

Settings and properties that are controlled by the CAS platform directly always begin with the prefix cas. All other settings are controlled and provided to CAS via other underlying frameworks and may have their own schemas and syntax. BE CAREFUL with the distinction. Unrecognized properties are rejected by CAS and/or frameworks upon which CAS depends. This means if you somehow misspell a property definition or fail to adhere to the dot-notation syntax and such, your setting is entirely refused by CAS and likely the feature it controls will never be activated in the way you intend.

Validation

Configuration properties are automatically validated on CAS startup to report issues with configuration binding, especially if defined CAS settings cannot be recognized or validated by the configuration schema. Additional validation processes are also handled via Configuration Metadata and property migrations applied automatically on startup by Spring Boot and family.

Indexed Settings

CAS settings able to accept multiple values are typically documented with an index, such as cas.some.setting[0]=value. The index [0] is meant to be incremented by the adopter to allow for distinct multiple configuration blocks.

Bypass

The following settings and properties are available from the CAS configuration catalog:

cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.groovy.locationThe location of the resource.
no default
Required

The location of the resource. Resources can be URLs, or files found either on the classpath or outside somewhere in the file system.

In the event the configured resource is a Groovy script, especially if the script is set to reload on changes, you may need to adjust the total number of inotify instances. On Linux, you may need to add the following line to /etc/sysctl.conf: fs.inotify.max_user_instances = 256.

You can check the current value via cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_instances.

In situations and scenarios where CAS is able to automatically watch the underlying resource for changes and detect updates and modifications dynamically, you may be able to specify the following setting as either an environment variable or system property with a value of false to disable the resource watcher: org.apereo.cas.util.io.PathWatcherService.

Type
Resource
Default
none
Defined by
GroovyMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.urlThe endpoint URL to contact and retrieve attributes.
no default
RequiredSpEL

The endpoint URL to contact and retrieve attributes.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
Supports
Spring Expression Language
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.authentication-attribute-nameSkip multifactor authentication based on designated authentication attribute names.
no default

Skip multifactor authentication based on designated authentication attribute names.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.authentication-attribute-valueOptionally, skip multifactor authentication based on designated authentication attribute values.
no default
Regex

Optionally, skip multifactor authentication based on designated authentication attribute values. Multiple values may be separated by a comma.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.authentication-handler-nameSkip multifactor authentication depending on form of primary authentication execution.
no default
Regex

Skip multifactor authentication depending on form of primary authentication execution. Specifically, skip multifactor if the a particular authentication handler noted by its name successfully is able to authenticate credentials in the primary factor. Multiple values may be separated by a comma.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.authentication-method-nameSkip multifactor authentication depending on method/form of primary authentication execution.
no default
Regex

Skip multifactor authentication depending on method/form of primary authentication execution. Specifically, skip multifactor if the authentication method attribute collected as part of authentication metadata matches a certain value. Multiple values may be separated by a comma.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.credential-class-typeSkip multifactor authentication depending on form of primary credentials.
no default

Skip multifactor authentication depending on form of primary credentials. Value must equal the fully qualified class name of the credential type.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.http-request-headersSkip multifactor authentication if the http request contains the defined header names.
no default
Regex

Skip multifactor authentication if the http request contains the defined header names. Header names may be comma-separated and can be regular expressions; values are ignored.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.http-request-remote-addressSkip multifactor authentication if the http request's remote address or host matches the value defined here.
no default
Regex

Skip multifactor authentication if the http request's remote address or host matches the value defined here. The value may be specified as a regular expression.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.principal-attribute-nameSkip multifactor authentication based on designated principal attribute names.
no default

Skip multifactor authentication based on designated principal attribute names.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.principal-attribute-valueOptionally, skip multifactor authentication based on designated principal attribute values.
no default
Regex

Optionally, skip multifactor authentication based on designated principal attribute values.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
MultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.basic-auth-passwordIf REST endpoint is protected via basic authentication, specify the password for authentication.
no default

If REST endpoint is protected via basic authentication, specify the password for authentication.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.basic-auth-usernameIf REST endpoint is protected via basic authentication, specify the username for authentication.
no default

If REST endpoint is protected via basic authentication, specify the username for authentication.

Type
String
Default
none
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.headersHeaders, defined as a Map, to include in the request when making the REST call.
no default

Headers, defined as a Map, to include in the request when making the REST call. Will overwrite any header that CAS is pre-defined to send and include in the request. Key in the map should be the header name and the value in the map should be the header value.

Type
Map<String,String>
Default
none
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.maximum-retry-attemptsWhen attempting to reach the endpoint, this setting controls the number of retry attempts that CAS should execute Setting this value to a zero or negative value will disable the retry policy.
3

When attempting to reach the endpoint, this setting controls the number of retry attempts that CAS should execute Setting this value to a zero or negative value will disable the retry policy.

Type
Integer
Default
3
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties
cas.authn.mfa.radius.bypass.rest.methodHTTP method to use when contacting the rest endpoint.
GET

HTTP method to use when contacting the rest endpoint. Examples include GET, POST, etc.

Type
String
Default
GET
Defined by
RestfulMultifactorAuthenticationProviderBypassProperties

Required settings may be needed to activate or affect the feature; review them even when they have a default. Optional settings only need to be set to change a default or to turn on the behavior they control. Third party settings belong to libraries such as Spring Boot that CAS builds on; their own documentation may have more detail.

Groovy scripting

CAS takes advantage of Apache Groovy in forms of either embedded or external scripts that allow one to, by default, dynamically build constructs, attributes, access strategies and a lot more. To activate the functionality described here, you may need to prepare CAS to support and integrate with Apache Groovy.

Please review this guide to configure your build.

Notes on configuration

Configuration Metadata

The collection of configuration properties listed in this section are automatically generated from the CAS source and components that contain the actual field definitions, types, descriptions, modules, etc. This metadata may not always be 100% accurate, or could be lacking details and sufficient explanations.

Be Selective

This section is meant as a guide only. Do NOT copy/paste the entire collection of settings into your CAS configuration; rather pick only the properties that you need. Do NOT enable settings unless you are certain of their purpose and do NOT copy settings into your configuration only to keep them as reference. All these ideas lead to upgrade headaches, maintenance nightmares and premature aging.

YAGNI

Note that for nearly ALL use cases, declaring and configuring properties listed here is sufficient. You should NOT have to explicitly massage a CAS XML/Java/etc configuration file to design an authentication handler, create attribute release policies, etc. CAS at runtime will auto-configure all required changes for you. If you are unsure about the meaning of a given CAS setting, do NOT turn it on without hesitation. Review the codebase or better yet, ask questions to clarify the intended behavior.

Naming Convention

Property names can be specified in very relaxed terms. For instance cas.someProperty, cas.some-property, cas.some_property are all valid names. While all forms are accepted by CAS, there are certain components (in CAS and other frameworks used) whose activation at runtime is conditional on a property value, where this property is required to have been specified in CAS configuration using kebab case. This is both true for properties that are owned by CAS as well as those that might be presented to the system via an external library or framework such as Spring Boot, etc.

:information_source: Note

When possible, properties should be stored in lower-case kebab format, such as cas.property-name=value. The only possible exception to this rule is when naming actuator endpoints; The name of the actuator endpoints (i.e. ssoSessions) MUST remain in camelCase mode.

Settings and properties that are controlled by the CAS platform directly always begin with the prefix cas. All other settings are controlled and provided to CAS via other underlying frameworks and may have their own schemas and syntax. BE CAREFUL with the distinction. Unrecognized properties are rejected by CAS and/or frameworks upon which CAS depends. This means if you somehow misspell a property definition or fail to adhere to the dot-notation syntax and such, your setting is entirely refused by CAS and likely the feature it controls will never be activated in the way you intend.

Validation

Configuration properties are automatically validated on CAS startup to report issues with configuration binding, especially if defined CAS settings cannot be recognized or validated by the configuration schema. Additional validation processes are also handled via Configuration Metadata and property migrations applied automatically on startup by Spring Boot and family.

Indexed Settings

CAS settings able to accept multiple values are typically documented with an index, such as cas.some.setting[0]=value. The index [0] is meant to be incremented by the adopter to allow for distinct multiple configuration blocks.